In people's concept, the waterproof of the house is not so important as the structural safety, nor so concerned about the warm and comfortable decoration. Even in our daily life, we are used to the leakage. This wrong view largely tolerates the long-term existence of the quality problem of the leakage. Of course, we should pay attention to the structure, but the thousand mile dike is destroyed in the ant nest, but the existence of water leakage will increase the damage of the structure, even cause the collapse of the structure. Therefore, leakage is not a trivial matter, especially in the 80's and 90's houses that have entered the quality retaliation period.
I. causes of house leakage
1. Reasons of the times
From the 1980s to the 1990s, China ushered in the first round of construction peak after the reform and opening up, and a large number of residential buildings were built everywhere. However, there are various problems behind the rapid development, especially in the quality of building waterproofing.
First of all, the roof waterproofing of buildings at that time was mainly made of petroleum asphalt paper-based felt, coal asphalt felt, coal tar polyurethane coating, etc., and the initial waterproof performance was acceptable. Up to now, these buildings have a history of 20 to 30 years, and the aging of materials is inevitable. In addition, the limitations of waterproof construction technology and quality acceptance standards at that time are the causes of the frequent leakage of such buildings, which is also the house The quality of the house structure has hidden dangers.
2. Private transformation
On the other hand, the "new working houses" built in the "suburbs" in those years have gradually become the "old working houses" in the "core area" in the urban changes. These houses have gone through the housing reform and become private property rights. They can be listed and traded because of their location advantages. The houses have been changed hands and renovated several times. According to a survey of 16921 households in a certain place in Shenyang, in the 1990s, the heads of households were very active in the maintenance and renovation of their houses, with the proportion of renovation exceeding 50% on average. Further investigation on these heads of households found that as many as 35% of the users of showers or bathtubs had been increased. Limited to the common people's understanding of waterproofing at that time, few people took the initiative to redo waterproofing during maintenance and transformation, and the damage to the original waterproofing inadvertently during the transformation, all of which planted a curse for the leakage in the future.
For example, in order to decorate the face of the door after the bottom window is changed to the door, holes are made in the outer wall, because of improper waterproof treatment, the rainwater directly enters the wall body and damages the wall of the house; some residents change the original design squatting toilet into a toilet or install a bathtub and shower nozzle, because of poor waterproof treatment, the original waterproof layer is damaged, causing the wall to be wet and damaged. Because of the lack of strict property management in the old community, the phenomenon of private roof construction is common, which inevitably destroys the original roof waterproof layer during the installation and construction.
II. Ignore the consequence of waterproof
Ignoring the leakage caused by waterproof will cause the following hazards:
1. Reduce the quality of life at home. In the rainy season every year, affected by warm and humid climate, the seepage wall will appear mildew, mildew, peeling and other phenomena after a period of time, seriously affecting the beauty of the home. In addition, once the wall seeps into the water, the wood furniture, wallpaper and wood floor that are in contact with the wall and the ground are prone to mildew and rot. In the high humidity environment, bacteria and mold are easy to grow, which also cause invisible damage to the health of residents.
2. Influence neighborhood relations. In case of leakage, water may affect downstairs or next door neighbors, resulting in disharmony between neighbors, and serious property claims and legal disputes may occur.
3. High maintenance cost. Waterproofing is not done well, no matter how good the decoration is, it's a waste. As a concealed project of home, it is difficult to carry out secondary remedy for waterproofing. Once leakage occurs, maintenance is needed, and the cost is often several times that of waterproofing before decoration, and it will bring great inconvenience to home life.
4. Damage to the quality of the house, resulting in the following more serious consequences: ① there are voids and cracks in the concrete. If the air temperature drops below zero degree after the seepage, the water will form ice, and its volume expansion will be about 90%. After several freeze-thaw cycles, the internal structure of the concrete will become loose, the strength will drop, the cracks will expand, and the structural strength will drop, so the house safety will be affected. ② corrosion of reinforcement caused by leakage affects the safety of building structure. After the water seeps into the concrete structure, the steel bar will be corroded. Corrosion will also make the volume of reinforcement expand (about 1-4 times), and then squeeze the concrete, causing cracks or further expansion of cracks, which will reduce the safety of the housing structure, and may cause collapse in serious cases.
Some experts pointed out that the original 70 year property rights house, in the case of years of leakage, is likely to become a dangerous house in 30 years. Not to mention the life troubles and economic losses, endangering the personal safety of the residents who live in dangerous houses but are unaware of it is the biggest threat!
